Politicising and commercialising death and pain in The Uncertainty of Hope by Valerie Tagwira

Main Article Content

Justina Remember Namupala
https://orcid.org/0009-0008-0586-1228
Max Mhene
https://orcid.org/0009-0003-1823-2205

Abstract

This paper attempts to analyse the politicising and commercialising of death and pain in The Uncertainty of Hope by Valerie Tagwira, through the lens of trauma and resilience theories. The purpose of this paper is to explore and interpret the myriad interrelations that exist between death, pain, politics, and commercialisation as presented in the novel.
The analysis found that death and pain as presented in the selected novel are closely intertwined with politics and commercialisation. The politicisation of death and pain is portrayed through character analysis. Death and pain are subsumed in the larger political and economic environments and they are also commercialised through the female body in particular. Death and pain are transformed to satisfy political and monetary needs, whereas people’s emotions and feelings are not considered and death is used as a form of generating income for businesses.

Article Details

How to Cite
Namupala, J. R., & Mhene, M. (2025). Politicising and commercialising death and pain in The Uncertainty of Hope by Valerie Tagwira. Namibian Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Communication Studies, 19(1), 93–104. https://doi.org/10.59677/njllcs.v19i1.137
Section
Articles
Author Biographies

Justina Remember Namupala, Epandulo Combined School

Ms Justina Remember Namupala is a language teacher, she teaches English and Oshindonga at secondary level. She is a Head of Department (Languages) at Epandulo Combined School in Oshikoto Region. She is studying towards a Bachelor of Education in Educational Planning and Administration with the Namibia University and Technology. She holds a Master Degree in English and Applied Linguistics from the Namibia University of Science and Technology obtained in 2023. In 2020 she obtained a Bachelor of English (honours) from the same university. She also holds a Bachelor in Education (Honours) from the University of Namibia that she obtained in 2016. She has tutored and lectured at institutions such as WHTC, NAMCOL and IOL. She is a life coach and offers motivation, counselling and career guidance on a daily basis.
Research interests are in English Literature/Literature in English.

Max Mhene, Namibia University of Science and Technology

Prof Max Mhene is currently working at NUST as an Associate professor in English, Literature, and Communication. He has been in the teaching profession for 41 years [1984-2025], 13 of these at tertiary (NUST) and the other 28 in High Schools in Zimbabwe and Namibia respectively.
Prof Mhene holds the following qualifications: 1. PhD (Literature Studies), 2. MPhil (Second Language Acquisition), 3. BEd Honours ( Education, Research Methods, English and Literature), 4. Post Graduate Diploma in Classroom Text and Discourse (English, Literature, and Communication) 5. Teachers’ Certificate in Education (English and Literature), and 6. Certificate in Study Technology (Hubbard study skill).
Prof Mhene’s interests are in curriculum development in English, Literature and Communication and produced numerous study guides and teaching materials for NAMCOL (Namibia), UNAM (Namibia), NUST (Namibia), Ministry of Education (Teachers’ literature materials for Higher Level English in Namibia’s four regions (Omusati, Khomas, Erongo, and Zambezi). In addition, Prof Mhene is an accredited English Language editor. He has edited numerous Honours, Masters and Doctorate theses. He has also edited confidential documents submitted by various Ministries and NGO in Namibia.

References

Primary texts

Tagwira, V. (2006). The Uncertainty of Hope. Weaver Press.

Secondary texts

Balaev, M. (2008). Trends in literary Trauma Theory .

Baloyi, L., & Makobe-Rabothata, M. . (2014). The African conception of death: A Cultural Implication . Toward sustainable development through nurturing diversity, 232-243.

Black, P. (1977). Three Definitions of Death . The Monist; Bioethics and Social Responsibility, Vol. 60 No. 1, 136-146.

Carroll, J. (2019). Death in Literature. Evolutionary Perspectives on Death.

Chitando, A. (2015). Portrait of courage: Women and survival in Tagwira’s The Uncertainty of Hope. Journal for Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, Vol 4, No1 & 2.

Cloete, I. & Mlambo, N. . (2014). A Literery Exploration of Trauma and Resillience in Tagwira's Uncertainty of Hope. Nawa: Journal of Language & Communication , 92-105.

Harrison, K. & Tony Boyd, T. (2003). Undustanding political ideas and movements. Manchester: Manchester University Press.

Ledesma, J. (2014). Conceptual Frameworks and Research Models on Resilience in Leadership. Creative Commons Attribution, 1-8.

Lee & Vaughan. (2008). Death and dying in the history of Africa since 1800. Journal of African History, 49, 3, 341 - 359.

Liswaniso, C. M. (2016). A Critical Exploration of Political Violence in Selected Literary Works: A Case of Tagwira's Uncertainty of Hope and Owuor's Dust . A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requiremnets for the Degree of Master of Arts in English Studies of the University of Namibia, 1-101.

Madebwe, C., & Madebwe, V., & Togo, M., & Pazvakawambwa, L. (2005). Zimbabwe’s Operation Murambatsvina (Operation Clean Up/Restore Order): The Epitome of Forced Evictions, Broken Lives And Lost Livelihoods. Social Science Research Seminar Series, 1-27.

Mlambo, N. (2013). Exploring the Literary Representations of Urban Survival and Coping Strategies in Selected Contemporary Zimbabwean Fiction in English from 1999-2009. A Dissertation Submitted in Fulfilment of the Requirement of the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy in English of University of Namibia , 1-295.

Muganiwa, J. (2013). Review; We Need New Names: By NoViolet Bulawayo. Journal for Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences, vol 2, 2, 188-190.

Musanga, T. (2015). White Zimbabwean farmers’ unstable mobilities identity and history in Douglas Rogers’ The last resort: a memoir of Zimbabwe. National Identities, 1469-9907.

Ogbaa, O. (2008). Death in African Literature. The example of Chinua Achebe, 201-213 .

Okechi O., S. (2017). Culture, Perception/Belief about Death and their Implication to the Awareness and Control of the Socio-Economic, Environmental and Health Factors Surrounding Lower Life Expectancy in Nigeria . Acta Psychopathol. Vol. 3 No. 5: 56., 1-10.

Pentaris, P. (2011). Culture and Death: A Multicultural Perspective . Hawaii Pacific Journal of Social Work Practice vol. 4, No.1 , 45-84.

Prater, E. (2001). Perceptions of Death and the Effects of Emotion. The McKendree University Journal of Undergraduate Research, 1.

Tagwira, V. (2006). The Uncertainty of Hope. Harare: Weaver Press.

(2005). Zimbambwe's Operation Murambatsvina: The Tipping Point . Crisis Group Africa Report N°97,.